Description<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilatator used for the \ntreatment of anginal attacks. Nitroglycerin decreases the smooth muscle \ntonus of blood vessels, mainly of the veins, through the local \nproduction of nitrous oxide (NO).\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nitroglycerin is very liposoluble and is readily transported through membranes. Therefore, nitroglycerin is totally absorbed<\/a> by the intestinal mucosa but undergoes a massive hepatic first pass effect<\/a>, rendering its oral bioavailability<\/a>\n negligible. Sublingual, intravenous or transdermal administration of \nnitroglycerin partially by passes this first pass effect, allowing \nplasma concentration to reach the therapeutic range. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nitroglycerin has a large volume of distribution<\/a> due to its high liposolubility and to tissular protein binding. Nitroglycerin binds moderately to plasma proteins (60%).\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n As a consequence of rapid metabolism<\/a> in the liver and in other tissues, nitroglycerin’s half-life<\/a> is very short (1-4 min) and it’s systemic clearance<\/a> usually exceeds the cardiac output. Nitroglycerin metabolites are excreted through the kidneys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n For the acute treatment of angina, nitroglycerin \nis available as capsules to be chewed, sublingual tablets and mouth \nspray. Injection solutions are available for the treatment of conditions\n such as acute myocardial infarction. \n<\/p>\n\n\n\nClinical implications<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/sepia2.unil.ch\/pharmacology\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/graphNitroglycerin-1024x512.png\")
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